The Impact of HR Digital Tools on Employee Engagement in Remote Work: The Mediating Role of Work Autonomy and the Moderating Role of Digital Literacy

Abstract

This study explores how HR digital tools (e.g., AI-powered performance management, virtual collaboration platforms) influence employee engagement in remote work contexts, examining the mediating effect of work autonomy and moderating role of digital literacy. Based on social technical system theory, 612 valid samples from 143 enterprises across 18 cities (U.S., China, Egypt) were analyzed via structural equation modeling. Results show HR digital tools positively predict employee engagement; work autonomy partially mediates this relationship. Higher digital literacy strengthens the positive effect of HR digital tools on work autonomy. This enriches research on HR digitization and remote work management, providing practical guidance for enterprises to optimize digital HR strategies.